Estimating multimodal structural brain variability in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a worldwide ENIGMA Study

Wolfgang Omlor, Finn Rabe, Simon Fuchs, Werner Surbeck, Giacomo Cecere, Gao-Yang Huang, Stephanie Homan, Nils Kallen, Foivos Georgiadis, Tobias Spiller, Erich Seifritz, Thomas Weickert, Jason Bruggemann, Cynthia Weickert, Steven Potkin, Ryota Hashimoto, Kang Sim, Kelly Rootes-Murdy, Yann Quide, Josselin Houenou, Nerisa Banaj, Daniela Vecchio, Fabrizio Piras, Federica Piras, Gianfranco Spalletta, Raymond Salvador, Andriana Karuk, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Amanda Rodrigue, Godfrey Pearlson, David Glahn, David Tomecek, Filip Spaniel, Antonin Skoch, Matthias Kirschner, Stefan Kaiser, Peter Kochunov, Feng-Mei Fan, Ole A Andreassen, Lars T Westlye, Pierre Berthet, Vince D Calhoun, Fleur Howells, Anne Uhlmann, Freda Scheffler, Dan Stein, Felice Iasevoli, Murray J Cairns, Vaughan J Carr, Stanley V Catts, Maria A Di Biase, Assen Jablensky, Melissa J Green, Frans A Henskens, Paul Klauser, Carmel Loughland, Patricia T Michie, Bryan Mowry, Christos Pantelis, Paul E Rasser, Ulrich Schall, Rodney Scott, Andrew Zalesky, Andrea de Bartolomeis, Annarita Barone, Mariateresa Ciccarelli, Arturo Brunetti, Sirio Cocozza, Giuseppe Pontillo, Mario Tranfa, Annabella Di Giorgio, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M Thompson, Theo van Erp, Jessica Turner, Philipp Homan

Omlor, W., Rabe, F., Fuchs, S., Surbeck, W., Cecere, G., Huang, G. Y., Homan, S., Kallen, N., Georgiadis, F., Spiller, T., Seifritz, E., Weickert, T., Bruggemann, J., Weickert, C., Potkin, S., Hashimoto, R., Sim, K., Rootes-Murdy, K., Quide, Y., Houenou, J., … Homan, P. (2025). Estimating Multimodal Structural Brain Variability in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Worldwide ENIGMA Study. The American journal of psychiatry, 182(4), 373–388. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230806